COALESCE function is used to get first NOT NULL VALUES in list of values which contain NULL values. By using COALESCE function we can specify values on NULL values in result set on existing table. COALESCE function works on SQL SERVER 2008 onwards.

SELECT COALESCE(expression1, expression2|Value) FROM table; 

• expression1 – It represents the name of the expression or column name on which we want to test NULL values.
• expression2 – It represents the name of the expression or column name which we want to insert values on nullable column.
• Value – It represents the value that we need to specify on required column which have the NULL values.

Let us consider below table(s) as an example table(s) to frame the SQL query for getting the desired results.

Scenario – Replacing NULL values in the existing table with specified value in result set by using COALESCE function.

Requirement - Replacing NULL values in employee_details with specified value in result set by using COALESCE function. The query was as follows –

SELECT emp_id, emp_name, COALESCE (manager_id, 'Employee0')manager_id 
FROM  employee_details; 

By executing above query, we can get specified value on manager_id column in employee_details table because it consists NULL values. The output was as follows –

Scenario – If we trying to put specified values on NOT NULL column in existing table by using COALESCE function.

Requirement – If we trying to specify on designation NOT NULL column in employee_details with Analyst by using COALESCE function. The query was as follows –

SELECT emp_id, emp_name, COALESCE (designation, 'Analyst')designation
FROM employee_details; 

By executing above query we can get existing designation values instead of getting specified Analyst value because the designation column does not have NULL values. The output was as follows –

Scenario – If we trying to combine multiple columns which have NULL values getting without NULL values in result set on existing table by using COALESCE function.

Requirement – If we trying to add emp_id, emp_name, manager_id, designation columns on employee_details table without getting NULL values by using COALESCE function. The query was as follows –

SELECT emp_name+ COALESCE(manager_id, ' ')+ designation 'NAME WITH
DESIGNATION' FROM employee_details; 

By executing above query, we can get output without NULL values in result set from employee_details table. The output was as follows –

Scenario – Replacing NULL values in the existing table with another specified column value in result set by using COALESCE.

Requirement – Replacing NULL values in employee_details with designation value in result set by using COALESCE. The query was as follows –

SELECT  emp_id, emp_name, COALESCE (manager_id, designation )manager_id
FROM employee_details; 

By executing above query we can replace NULL values on manager_id column in existing employee_details table with designation column values. The output was as follows -